Gold is only one target of mineral exploration. Rocks can contain several minerals, and visual resemblance is not a reliable identification. The U.S. Geological Survey cautions that minerals are difficult to identify from photographs alone; a specimen may need in-person examination and tests.
Build a record
Note the location and surrounding rock, take photographs in place, and consult a geological map or field guide. Compare hardness, streak, crystal form, and other observed properties without assuming that one “indicator” proves a valuable deposit. If identification matters, consult a qualified geologist, museum, or mineral club.
Collect only where allowed and within local limits. The BLM's collecting guidance explains that rules differ for minerals, fossils, cultural objects, and existing mining claims.
Before collecting, verify land ownership, active claims, seasonal closures, and current local rules. BLM collecting guidance notes that existing claims require the claimholder's permission. Rules for stream work and equipment also vary by place.
Field note
For each specimen, note where it was found, the host rock, and which properties you actually measured. Label guesses as tentative. Keep a small reference notebook of confirmed specimens rather than relying on online photographs; lighting and weathering can make different minerals look alike.
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