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Fairness in AI

By Randy Salars

AI should avoid bias and promote equitable treatment for all individuals and groups. This includes addressing historical injustices and ensuring inclusive datasets.

Why Fairness Matters

AI systems can unintentionally perpetuate or amplify social biases present in data, algorithms, or institutional practices. Fairness is essential to ensure that AI benefits everyone, avoids discrimination, and does not reinforce existing inequalities.

Dimensions of Fairness

Bias Mitigation: Identifying and reducing unwanted bias in data, models, and outcomes.
Equity: Ensuring that AI systems provide fair opportunities and outcomes for all, especially marginalized or historically disadvantaged groups.
Transparency in Impact: Making it clear how AI decisions affect different groups and individuals.
Inclusive Design: Involving diverse stakeholders in the design, testing, and deployment of AI systems.

Approaches to Fairness

Audit datasets for representativeness and historical bias before training models.
Use fairness-aware algorithms and metrics (e.g., demographic parity, equalized odds).
Test AI systems for disparate impact across demographic groups.
Engage with affected communities to understand real-world impacts and needs.
Document fairness considerations and trade-offs in model cards or datasheets.

Challenges

Defining fairness can be context-dependent and value-laden.
Trade-offs may exist between different fairness criteria or between fairness and accuracy.
Historical data may reflect systemic inequalities that are difficult to fully correct.

Where Can You Learn More?

Fairness and Machine Learning (free online book)
Microsoft FATE (Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Ethics in AI)
IBM – What is AI Bias?
Nature – How to Build Ethical AI (Fairness Section)
AI Ethics Journal – Fairness in AI

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