What is the testing effect in memory science?
Short Answer
The testing effect is the finding that retrieving information (practice tests, flashcards, quizzes) improves long-term memory more than restudying. Tests aren’t just assessments—they’re a learning tool.
Why This Matters
Because retrieval is a potent form of rehearsal, each successful attempt strengthens recall routes and makes future access easier. Even mistakes can help when followed by feedback, which updates and stabilizes what you remember.
Where This Changes
Low-stakes testing works best; high anxiety can impair performance. Without feedback, you can accidentally reinforce errors, so pair retrieval with answer checks and corrections.