What is working memory and why is it important?
Short Answer
Working memory is the limited mental workspace used to hold and manipulate information for seconds. It’s essential for reasoning, comprehension, learning, and decision-making, and it overloads easily.
Why This Matters
This matters because many learning failures are actually working-memory overload: too many steps, too much jargon, or too many moving parts at once. Overload leads to errors and shallow understanding, while good structure (chunking, diagrams, stepwise practice) reduces cognitive load and improves retention.
Where This Changes
Working memory capacity drops with sleep loss, stress, and multitasking, so tasks that feel easy one day can feel impossible another day. Expertise increases effective capacity because knowledge becomes chunked and automated, freeing workspace for higher-level thinking.