How do psychologists classify altered states?
Short Answer
Psychologists classify altered states using dimensional approaches that measure consciousness along continuums of awareness, attention, self-control, and sensory processing rather than discrete categories.
Why This Matters
This classification system emerges because consciousness exists on multiple spectrums rather than binary states, allowing researchers to map how different factors like drugs, meditation, or sleep deprivation affect specific cognitive functions. Dimensional models enable more precise measurement of consciousness changes and help identify which neural networks become enhanced or suppressed during different experiences. This approach demonstrates that altered states involve predictable patterns of brain activity that can be studied systematically.
Where This Changes
Some researchers still use categorical systems that group states by their induction method (pharmacological, physiological, psychological) or by their primary characteristics. The classification becomes more complex when multiple factors interact, such as combining sensory deprivation with psychoactive substances.